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Highdesign 2017 professional3/19/2023 Regulation and legislation of the nursing profession According to the recent revision of the Swiss Health Insurance Act, this new classification system aims at standardizing reimbursement of health care services in acute care settings.ġ4.1.2. To increase transparency and comparability of Swiss health care, Swiss Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) became effective on 1 January 2012 on a national level. To date, reimbursement of basic health care services is uniformly regulated on a national level, but costs for equivalent health services vary significantly across cantons, as well as private or complementary health insurance coverage. The relative share of expenditure by type of health care services has remained stable over time (OECD, 2017). ![]() The share of inpatient care is much higher than the OECD average (33%), for example due to longer hospital stays compared to most other OECD countries, while the share of pharmaceuticals is lower (OECD average: 20%). Switzerland spends 12.4% of its GDP on health, or US$7 919 per capita (OECD, 2017) 46% is spent on inpatient care, 29% on outpatient care and 12% on pharmaceuticals dispensed to outpatients. The cantons and the communes guarantee health care delivery to their population. Cantons have responsibility for the provision of health care and partial funding of hospital costs and education of health care professionals, as well as the implementation of Federal laws upon delegation by the Federal government. The main responsibilities in the health sector at the Federal level include legislative and supervisory roles in areas such as health insurance regulation the promotion of science, research and university-based health professional education and the education of non-university-based health professionals including nurses. The design of the health care system is determined by the Swiss federalist system, characterized by a decentralized structure with three policy levels – federal, cantons and communes – and a high degree of local autonomy. ![]() The cultural diversity of Switzerland is exemplified by its four national languages: German (60%), French (26%), Italian (4%) and Romansh (<1%), whilst the remaining 9% speak other languages (Bundesamt für Statistik, 2014). Although the country is not a member of the European Union, it has pursued close relations with the European Union through bilateral agreements and is a member of the European Trading Area. ![]() Switzerland is a Federation of 26 cantons, situated in Western Europe, with a population of 8.42 million (Eurostat, 2017).
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